When the volume of supplies is above average for the market being reported.  See related terms supply/offering, moderate, and light for those definitions.

A young female bovine that has not had her first calf.

A female bovine, 2 ½ years old or younger that exhibits cow characteristics, that has not had her first calf or recently lost her first calf.

Market Channel type.

A marketing channel which includes dairy products purchased as an ingredient in the production of food and nonfood products.

Inedible Packer bleachable tallow is inedible all beef tallow.  It is produced from beef fractions or bones.  These inedible fractions may be collected from small packing plants, butchers, or chain stores and processed without USDA supervision.  It may be referred to as “soap grade” tallow, with a minimum titre of 41.5 to 42.0.  It is used in the soap and cosmetic industry and sometimes in the chemical industry.  It is also used in animal feeds.

A cattle by-product produced by rendering down all the inedible waste, used in the manufacturing of soap and formerly incorporated into animal feeds.

Cattle which suffer from disease, parasitism, severe emaciation, or any condition that must be corrected before they can be expected to perform normally, are considered unthrifty and graded U.S. Inferior.  Double-muscled cattle are also graded U.S. Inferior because they do not deposit marbling normally.

Market Channel type. 

A middleman activity in food distribution involving the transfer of products between wholesalers or manufacturers and end use outlets.  Jobbing sales are usually on a small scale, and jobbers provide special services to small food stores, restaurants, and institutions.  Typically takes title to product.

Slaughter cows expected to yield carcasses in the range of 85+% lean.  Typically a cow with less than .15 inch of backfat at the 12th rib.

When the volume of supplies is below average for the market being reported.  See related terms supply/offering, heavy, and moderate for those definitions.